Breakfast of Champions :: Breakfast of Champions Essays

Breakfast of Champions "Our awareness is all that is alive and maybe sacred in any of us. Everything else about us is dead machinery."(p.221) Introduction Breakfast of Champions; or Goodbye Blue Monday is Kurt Vonnegut's seventh novel. He wrote it in 1972, as he himself says, for his fiftieth birthday. It is Vonnegut's own parody of himself and his works. "The various themes and mannerisms that have animated the earlier novels are seen here in a grotesque, cartoon version of themselves," (Todd). It is a confrontation of tragedy of America brought forth by Vonnegut's sensitivity to tragedy (Uphaus), where Vonnegut "seems to rub middle America's nose in the sheer ugliness of life." (Merill) The story Breakfast of Champions is a story of "two lonesome, skinny old men on a planet which was dying fast,"(p.???). One of these two men is Dwayne Hoover, a "fabulously well-to-do" Pontiac Dealer, and the other is Kilgore Trout, an "unknown" and unsuccessful science fiction writer. These two characters are destined to meet in Midland City and Kilgore Trout's book Now It Can Be Told is destined to turn Dwayne Hoover into "homicidal maniac". How the novel is written The novel attacks many things: slavery, racism, commercial greed, jingoism, ecology, capitalism, imperialism, overpopulation etc., all of these aimed precisely at modern American society. Vonnegut "brings a remarcable air of discovery to these themes, the pretense that no one has quite seen before the stark outlines of our hypocrisy," (Todd). Vonnegut is "impolite" in his writing about these matters. He was taught to this impoliteness when he was a kid (p.2) by Phoebe Hurty -- the person this novel is dedicated to. The whole book is written in quite familiar style which was used in Vonnegut's previous novel Slaughterhouse Five. The style can be defined by one line from it: "If accident will" (Vonnegut 1969, p.2). Breakfast of Champions also has the vague image of absolute chaos. Vonnegut denounced books that "make people believe that life had leading characters, minor characters, significant details, that it has lessons to be learned, tests to be passed, and a beginning, a middle, and an end," (p.209). But chaos is not only a way in which Vonnegut writes, it is also what Vonnegut writes about. As I approached my fiftieth birthday, I had become more and more enraged and mystified by the idiot decisions made by my countrymen. And then I had come suddenly to pity

My review and judgement for Toyshops online marketing Essay

Top shop online retail website allows their customer to purchase their products online. Top shop is generally regarded as the high street fashion centre for all women and men under 30, reasonably priced clothes suitable for all occasions. Top shop is one of the better laid out online shops the site uses an attractive black colour scheme and the clothes are divided into categories, viewers can choose to browse by New In items, Special Offers, Sale, Kate Moss range, Dresses, etc. Topshop is a high street fashion retailer that has been up and running since 1964 and is has successfully open 300 store across the UK, do shipments to more than 100 countries and has their eclectic British style is known all over the world. Over the years they have built a strong bond with industry insiders and in 2002 they joined forces with newgen, a scheme which allowed them to foster new design talent and provide a global platform for the scene’s brightest new stars. Topshop also the only high street brand to show on schedule at London Fashion week and Topshop Unique has become the style set’s hottest ticket. The Topshop formula is proving not just popular/reputation but profitable too. The chain made around $200 million in pre-tax profits last year on revenues of approximately $1.14 billion. Topshop online marketing system is very effective to its viewers/ users, Topshop’s online website benefits their customers because it give their customers the opportunity to visit their website at any time during business hours which make online shopping an excellent option for many busy shoppers. One of the most obvious benefit for online shoppers is convenience, online shoppers has the ability to purchase products/service from Topshop’s online website at any time which is most convenient for them. Their online website accepts orders twenty-four hours a day during normal business hours. Topshop’s online website provides their customers with total product information. Customers shopping online expect product details which is the Price, information on how the product or service runs on how to use it an so on, this is a benefit for the customer because before purchasing a product they get to see the price and get information on the product on how it will work out for them so they will get an rough idea of how it will work so before purchasing they could compare and select whether the price is suitable for them and if the service or product has what they need. Viewing items is easy – viewers can just click on the item they want to view in more detail and it brings up the name of the item, the price, a brief description of the product, materials used, suggestions for how to wear it, and a picture of the front and the back which you are able to zoom in. customers can see what sizes the item is available in – sizes go from 6-16 and any sizes not in stock are greyed out. The business online features is beneficial to their viewer because it help to their viewers to find exactly what they are looking for in other words ‘easy to use’; images, colours, gifs, videos, drop down menus and search bars are all useful to the business viewers. Topshop’s online website also provides their viewers to be able to create their own account with the company, get additional information on their business, clothing and also complaints, viewers can write their own review on their products and service that the business offers. The effectiveness of the of Topshop marketing The effectiveness of Topshop marketing online gives customers an opportunity to purchase items from their online webpage, collect information about the product, service and also information about the business, their online webpage is also design in a way to enable their customers to get exactly what the they are looking; at the bottom of Topshop online webpage is where customers can get the information there need from the business such as, information about the business, how to find different branches, help and also other website that the customers can visit for update; Facebook, twitter, YouTube and also Google. Images, videos, pictures, drop down menus, gifs and search bar play a big impact on how customers view the business webpage, it make it easier for the customers to locate stuff on the business webpage, because these online features are visual. Topshop online website is effective because it help to attraction new customers to the business. The internet is a main asset to many people because they use this on a regular basis whether it is to communication, gather information or locate new places. Topshop use many marketing techniques to promote their online business, these are; promotional adverts online, email promotion, hyperlinks, on website such as twitter and Facebook and so on YouTube. Topshop also have an app for all smartphone, where customers can use to also purchase item, gather information and so on, this is very effective for their customers because this give their customers the advantage to shop from anywhere, during business hours. Topshop internet marketing states for Facebook and Twitter. Topshop continues to grow its following on social media sites, due to lots of features, in-store promotions and relatively high levels of engagement with fans and followers. Stats from E-Digital Research look at the number of followers for the top 20 retailers on Facebook and Twitter and, for the first time, Google+. Top 20 UK retailers on Facebook Topshop was also in pole position and it has added more than 1m new fans since May 2011. Its target audience are big Facebook and social media in general users, so the strategy of promoting its Facebook presence works well. Content is regularly updated to keep people interested, while it also promotes its social media profiles in stores and from its website. The retailer uses exclusive deals and interactive content to keep people interested. How much this translates into sales is another matter, but it’s significant that it hasn’t opened an f-commerce store, presumably preferring to drive users to its product pages.

Forms of Business Organization - 2291 Words

Forms of Business Organization Western Governors University The study of business organization is a study of complexity: as each business is different, each form of business organization is also unique. From a local hot-dog vendor to a trucking company, from a restaurant to a multinational, each business has different legal, moral and ethical concerns, and there is no one-size-fits-all approach to determine how a business should best be organized. Take the first two businesses, the hot-dog vendor and the trucking company, as an example: assume that each business is operated by a single individual. While one may argue that the proper form of organization for each would be a sole proprietorship, that would not be the†¦show more content†¦Additionally, because the actions of one of the partners are binding on all the others, the entire partnership can prosper or suffer due to the actions of a single member (The Free Dictionary). Also like a sole proprietorship, a general partnership is, as Quick MBA puts it, a â€Å"?...tax reporting e ntity, not a tax paying entity.†? In other words, the partnership is only a method of business organization; it is not a legal entity for tax purposes, and the individual business owners assume tax liability separately. The longevity of a partnership is potentially greater than a sole proprietorship: for example, since there are one or more other partners, the death of one member does not mean the end of the business since their share can be passed along to heirs. Control in a general partnership is shared equally: since there is no one owner, all decisions (and their effects) are shared equally. Profits are divided among the partners: while the liabilities are shared, the profits can sometimes be divided unequally upon agreement. This can affect return on investment: since it is possible to invest in a partnership without being an active member, it is possible to lose money on an investment if the active principals make decisions that affect the business negatively. As with a sole proprietorship, location is not a real concern with a general partnership: since the principals, not the business, are the ones responsible for the tax liability, theShow MoreRelatedForms of Business Organization2303 Words   |  9 Pagesï » ¿Forms of Business Organization a) Sole Proprietorship This is in basic terms a business entity or enterprise owned and perhaps managed by a single individual. Characteristics of a Sole Proprietorship Liability. In terms of liability, the owner of the business is in this case liable in his individual capacity for the debts of the business. Income Taxes. In regard to income taxes, owners of this form of business use their own personal tax returns to report their income as well as expensesRead MoreBasic Forms Of Business Organization1356 Words   |  6 PagesThree basic forms of business organization are sole proprietorship, partnership, and corporation. Sole proprietorship is the simplest form of business organization in which there is only one owner (Cheeseman, 2015, p. 570). Single person is responsible for all debts, liabilities, and obligations, as well as unlimited liability for business operations. If the owner is unsuccessful and acquires debt, creditors can pursue legal action and acquire access to personal bank accounts, real estate, and otherRead MorePartnership : A Form Of Business Organization Essay1774 Words   |  8 PagesPartnership refers to a form of business organization in which two or more parties come together to achieve specified economic objective. Each such party to the organization is known as ‘partner’. The relationship between / among partners is governed by the partnership agreement. Some of the common clauses relating to partnership are capital, profit/loss sharing ratio, tenor, object, inclusion of new partner, retirement / exclusion of existing partner, dissolution of partnership etc. PartnershipRead MoreBusiness Essay Topic: Forms of Business Organizations930 Words   |  4 PagesBusiness Essay Topic: Forms of Business Organizations It is important that the business owner seriously considers the different forms of business organization — types such as sole proprietorship, partnership, and corporation. Which organizational form is most appropriate can be influenced by tax issues, legal issues, financial concerns, and personal concerns. This essay explains the general impression of business organizations. A Sole Proprietorship, also known as the sole trader or simplyRead MoreVarious Forms of Business Organizations and Their Characteristics964 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Before starting a business, a business owner should ideally take into consideration the various forms of business organizations and their characteristics. In basic terms, forms of business organization differ on a number of fronts including but not limited to personal liability of owners, ease of formation, etc. This text highlights a number of issues in relation to the various forms of business organization. Part 1 The chart below (chart 1) compares and contrasts my personalRead MoreChoosing the Right Form of Business Organization1574 Words   |  6 PagesChoosing form of business organization Introduction As the business world expanded, there developed a need to categorize businesses into various organizations. Business organization forms were hence established by law and are regulated in their operations. There is a wide range of these business organizations, but the major ones are sole-proprietorship, limited liability companies, corporations and partnerships (Baron Shane, 2008, p. 244). In establishing a business organization entity, thereRead MoreFour Forms of Business Organization 21360 Words   |  6 Pagesfour different forms of business organization. It is a review of the advantages and disadvantages of each form, including the tax, legal, and, accounting implications that surround them. The different type of financial statements associated with each form of business organization is also discussed. In this paper, based upon the synopsis that the government has released funds for creating small businesses, a form of business is chosen by the class member in explaining his business idea. It thenRead MoreOwnership and Structural Forms of Business Organization2526 Words   |  11 PagesOwnership and structural forms of business organization, applicable laws, requirements for their formations, and advantages and disadvantages Type of Ownership * Single or Sole Proprietorship. It is a form of business organization which is owned by one person. The owner personally manages his business. Most of businesses in the Philippines (including those which are not registered) belong to single proprietorship. Examples are retailers, market vendors, barbers, tailors, and so forth. a)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Read MorePartnership Is An Arrangement Or A Form Of Business Organization Essay1811 Words   |  8 PagesPartnership is an arrangement or a form of business organization in which two or more parties come together to achieve specified economic objective. Each such party to the organization is known as ‘partner’. The relationship between / among partners is governed by the partnership agreement. Some of the common clauses relating to partnership are capital, profit/loss sharing ratio, tenor, object, inclusion of new partner, retirement / exclusion of existing partner, dissolution of partnership etc. PartnershipRead MoreBusiness Organization Business Forms Sole Proprietorship This is the easiest and simplest form of700 Words   |  3 PagesBusiness Organization Business Forms Sole Proprietorship This is the easiest and simplest form of business ownership. The sole proprietorship is a business organization that is owned and operated by a single person (Astrachan, Shanker, 2003). Betty can choose to be a sole trader and the individual owner of the coffeehouse. The business will be unincorporated and Betty will be personally liable for any debts, losses or legal action. On the other hand she will keep all the profits and will also be

The Long Lasting Effects Of The Colonization Of The Americas

Over the course of America’s history, audacious explorers from Europe sought to make an impact through setting colonies in the Americas during the 1500-1700s. The duration in which Europeans explored their outside world is referred to as the Age of Exploration. Despite the dangers, such as storms, no GPS, being lost, and diseases like scurvy, the motivation behind this era could be stated in three simple words: gold, glory, and God. The long lasting effects of the fifteenth and seventh century include contentious disputes, essentially, who truly discovered the New World, was Spain explorer Christopher Columbus an overrated American hero, or a conqueror regardless? These particular controversies are each primary components of the overall bewilderment, if the changes that occurred in the Americas a result of European exploration either had a positive or negative influence on the Americas. Although the impact on the Americas was both beneficial and negative, the negatives outweig h the positives. The escalation of diseases, servitude, and abuse of the Natives arrived from the events such as the Colombian Exchange, Middle Passage, as well as forced Christianity in the form of the Requirement. Primarily, even if you credit Christopher Columbus as the man who discovered America first or not, he assuredly was the first to begin an intermixing of plants, animals, and diseases between the New World and Old World. In spite of the positives of this exchange, known as the ColumbianShow MoreRelatedDifference Between Spanish And English Colonization1012 Words   |  5 Pagesthe nation began to claim the majority of territory in Central and South America. Spain sent conquistadores to assert their dominance in the New World through violent conquest which resulted in difficult relations with native populations. Although the English did not settle in North America until the early 17th century, well past the period of the Spanish conquest, their methods of colonization were more successful in the long term. The English were able to find economic success through agriculturalRead MoreWorld War I Research Paper Assignment1395 Words   |  6 Pagesnationalism of one’s country and d esire to be the top country, the push for industrialization to progress the warfront to include new technology that was never seen before, and colonization to replenish both manpower and natural resources. The effects from the three factors of nationalism, industrialization, and colonization greatly increased the magnitude of the war in all aspects and ultimately determined the outcome. Nationalism is a way of bringing people within a country together but with thatRead MoreEssay on Ethnicity and Latin America1140 Words   |  5 PagesEthnicity and Latin America Latin America and the American colonies were â€Å"tamed† based on completely different ideologies. From a Latin American perspective, the most important of the European explorers were of course, the Spanish and the Portuguese. These explorers arrived in Christopher Columbus’ â€Å"new world† with the express goal of bringing glory and prestige to their homeland. In stark contrast, settlers came to the colonies seeking freedom from the religious persecution in Europe. TheRead MoreSlavery And Its Impact On The United States Essay1628 Words   |  7 Pagesimpact on the settling of the â€Å"New World.† From a footnote in American history of little consequence until the cotton fields of the antebellum South, it has evolved into a study that now sees the institution as the most significant element in the colonization and exploitation of this hemisphere by Europeans. It also acknowledges the participation of Africans and the Amerindians in this process and furthermore sees it as essential to its occurrence. The added significance of the Atlantic system hasRead MoreThe Political Relevance And Global Impact Of Mahatma Gandhi Essay1179 Words   |  5 Pagesguidance for all generations† (Bhagwat 33). I believe that her argument successfully convinces the reader that the principles Gandhi followed and the strategies he used, non-violent civil disobedience and non-cooperation, not Gandhi himself, left a lasting impact on the world. Earth faces many new challenges such as regions facing economic collapse, some of the most barbaric wars, and threats to the ecosystem in the 21st century despite many advancements made. Humans have become collateral damage ofRead MorePositive Effects Of The Columbian Exchange703 Words   |  3 Pagesdeveloped useful technologies. They originally couldnt find a place to settle because of settlements already made by other city states, â€Å"They built houses, palaces, and temples, and an aqueduct to bring them drinkable water from the hills. Before long Tenochtitlan was one of the largest cities of the world.† (pg 172 of The Human Story). The Aztecs were forced for many years to keep moving south because other civilizations were already established in the land they were living on. This made themRead MoreThe Impact Of The Atlantic Slave Trade Influence Europe Economic Growth And Market Development Essay786 Words   |  4 Pagesinvolved in all three sides of the triangle trad e that allowed the transportation of slaves from Europe to Africa where goods were traded for slaves and then those slaves were brought to the Americas for the cultivation food crops and other raw materials; these later were brought back to Europe, Africa and the Americas to be sold. Resistance and revolts against the trade of slave was stronger in African areas where european demographic power was lower but â€Å"It was not until 1780s that increasing europeanRead MoreEffects Of European Exploration On The World1252 Words   |  6 PagesEffects Of European Exploration By the late 1400’s into the 1500’s, European countries began to expand into the rest of the world. This resurgence of trade interest resulted in a demand for foreign goods and exploration of water routes. This Age of Exploration united the Americas with Europe, Asia, and Africa. The exchanges were plentiful and stabilizing for many communities. However, along with the positive influences, came the negative aspects, which impacted cultures and civilizations aroundRead MoreGlobalization And Children s Diets1097 Words   |  5 PagesIn â€Å"Globalization and children’s diets: The case of Maya of Mexico and Central America,† Barry Bogin, Hugo Azcorra, Hannah J Wilson, Adria na Và ¡squez-Và ¡squez, Marà ­a Luisa Avila-Escalante, Maria Teresa Castillo-Burguete, Inà ªs Varela-Silva, and Federico Dickinson discuss the negative consequences of food globalization on the health of the Maya people of Mexico. This is done through conducting research on the c orrelation between the deteriorating health of the Maya people and their shift to a diet ofRead MoreThe Current Canadian Health Care System Essay1103 Words   |  5 Pagesdeterminants of health. Although each determinant of health may individually have effects on health, all are interrelated to create a web of elements that form the principles of our physical and mental health (Potter and Perry, 2014 p. 10). Two such determinants of health are social environment, and healthy child development. These two create a cyclical relationship so, if negative, they can have destructive effects on the general health of an individual and those in acquaintance or familiar with

Essay on The First Industrial Revolution Progressing Society

The First Industrial Revolution: Progressing Society The First Industrial Revolution modified every aspect of daily life. According to Princeton University â€Å"Economic historians are in agreement that the onset of the Industrial Revolution is the most important event in the history of humanity since the domestication of animals and plants† (Princeton par. 6). The First Industrial Revolution brought along machines, a capitalist economy, and trade expansion. Machines increased productivity, capitalist economies boomed with inventions, and trade expansion accelerated transportation with innovations. Sources from BBC History to Lewis Hackett concur that the First Industrial Revolution changed human life forever by industrializing countries.†¦show more content†¦(U.S. History par. 2) Great Britain did not want incidents such as Slater’s to happen again, as royal documents from the late 18th century show they did not let factory workers or architects leave the cou ntry at the time. Slater started his own factory in the states which had machines that greatly increased the production speed of yarn, thus others followed him in the path of industrialization. Soon, new systems came about. These new systems included the Outwork system which allocated small parts of a large production, and the Factory system which did large-scale projects in one location. New systems and factories led to more work opportunities, and thus more workers which operated factory machines. Those factories were powered by two sources: steam engine(s) or water mill(s). The commercial steam engine is nicked the â€Å"foundation† of the First Industrial Revolution and was invented by Thomas Newcomen with James Watt. The steam engine worked by turning water and fire into steam which built up pressure and in turn moved a valve and piston. (Lemson Center pars. 1-9) Oliver Evans later improved on the commercial steam engine’s design in New England. On the other hand , Water wheels were simpler and used the movement of rivers to turn wheels which turned machines. Water wheels were made more efficient by John Smeaton in England during the late 18th century. (Gache pars.1-9)Show MoreRelatedHistorical Analysis of The Industrial Revolution 1006 Words   |  5 Pages The Industrial Revolution was one of the most impactful eras in the history of the world. It changed the way we worked, lived, owned, and generally thought. With advent of economic philosophies like capitalism and communism, the way we worked and lived was written down and itemized, and western civilization was never the same. The concepts of jobs, urbanization, and credit might have allowed the world to progress into a veritable economical ecosystem, defining our modern definition of living, butRead MoreThe Workshop of the World: The Industrial Revolution Essay1449 Words   |  6 PagesThe Industrial Revolution that occurred between the eighteenth and nineteenth century has been char acterized as a transformation of a society no longer rooted in agricultural production. A burgeoning relationship between society and technology is at the core of what allowed Britain to emerge as the world’s first industrialized nation. This interaction between political, social, economic and demographic forces altered almost every aspect of daily life, bringing about â€Å"modern† economic developmentRead MoreIndustrialization Of The Industrial Revolution886 Words   |  4 Pagesarea, society, country (Dictionary.com). Tools have been around forever, but until the industrialization they required human labor to use. Almost every aspect of life was changed during this time. The industrial revolution was first used to describe a new economy driven by factories and a rowing workforce. The industrialization of Europe not only changed people’s lives, but it changed the way the entire continent of Europe functioned (Backman, Clifford). Stephen Gardiner said,  "The industrial revolutionRead MoreThe Civil War : The United States1455 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferences from the Revolution were still present. Examples of such differences were the difference regional economies, states’ rights, slavery being illegal/legal and the presence of abolitionists. That being said, the differences that had been around during the revolution were all regional because of the different economies that each region supported at the time. Which also meant that morals and society were different. With the north flourishing during the industrial revolution slavery had been abolishedRead MoreIndustrialization Of The Industrial Revolution1588 Words   |  7 PagesThe Industrial Revolution is a technological phenomenon that still continues to this day, in the form of its fourth to fifth wave. Ever since the late 1700s, our society has evolved over nearly two and a half centuries, for better or for worse. However, most of the negatives then have disappeared int o obscurity and the positives have only grown more and more. So while some might argue that Industrialization had primarily negative consequences for society because of child workers and the poor conditionsRead MoreImproving Health Care Organizations For The Better1158 Words   |  5 Pageshave been tremendously useful today as technology, medical devices, social, and economic factors made managed care grow exceedingly well. There are infinite benefits to these early period managed care services and professions for the better good of society. Examining the elements from the early period of managed care is worth mentioning to understand the good and the backlash behind them. The unique elements from the early period of managed care are critical and are very helpful today in the growingRead MoreSummary Of A Vindication Of The Rights Of Women By Mary Wollstonecraft1208 Words   |  5 Pageson the largest, underrepresented groups of the time, women. The essay voiced the inequalities women at the time faced and called upon Wollstonecraft’s audience to invoke a revolution for the rights of women. Through her writing, she presented a compelling argument that slowly allowed women to question their â€Å"place† in society and demand change to the British social order. While these changes did not happen quickly, her work sparked the feminist movements through its unique message and called uponRead MoreProgression vs Conservation-From the View Point of Third World Countries3064 Words   |  13 Pagesis not going to be of immediate effect in the midst of this rampant industrial development and economic progression among third world countries in the 21st century. (â€Å"The Economy Vs. Environment Debate,† n.d.) There seemingly appears to be conflict between the act of progressing in terms of development and conservation. Our world has been rapidly changing over the past decade. This is due to the fact that the Industrial Revolution took place towards the end of the 18th century, covering the span ofRead MoreEssay on The Reality of Human Cloning667 Words   |  3 Pagesplaying God? To what extent will having human clones affect society? The questions are endless. Predicting the future of human cloning at present is indeed futile as it will only yield more needless speculations. As much as I recognize the dangers of human cloning, I see the hoo- ha of human cloning a matter of perspective and time frame. All the attention given it is a passing phase. Ever since the advent of the industrial revolution, mankind has demonstrated his unquenchable thirst for discoveryRead MoreEssay History Marketing1353 Words   |  6 Pagesb) You should then discuss in what ways this context has changed and how the marketing discipline has changed amp; needs to change further in order to adapt to the current and future needs of firms, consumers/customers; perhaps even alluding to society in general. According to Marketing Association (1985, as cited D. Hall and R. Jones 2010: 48) Marketing is the process of planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion and distribution of ideas, goods and services to create exchange

Health care needs of Aboriginal-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Specific Health care needs of Aboriginal and Torres Strait islanders. Answer: Introduction: As of 2016 City of Sydney community profile, a total of 2417 indigenous Australians live in Sydney as of 2016. The figure below shows the total population of Indigenous Australians in Sydney. It also, shows the number of individuals from Aboriginal. Torres Strait and Mixed Heritages and the kinds of dwellings they live in (Profile.id.com.au, 2016). Figure 1: Indigenous populations in Sydney (source: Profile.id.com.au, 2016) According to usstats.abs.gov.au, 10,040 people (or 42% of the Australian population of Sydney reported one or more long term conditions. The common long term conditions were Asthma (3810), Hearing problems (2820), Chest problem (2250), Skin problem (2020), and Cardiac problem (1600), Hypertension (1310). This shows that Asthma is the biggest morbidity faced by the indigenous populations in Sydney (Ausstats.abs.gov.au, 2018). Figure 2: Figure 1: Long term illness conditions among indigenous Australians (Aboriginals and Torres Strait islanders) (Source: Ausstats.abs.gov.au, 2018). The Self Assessment of the health of the indigenous population showed that most people considered themselves in excellent health (15200), most others in fair or good health (7900) and a few (890) considered themselves to be in poor health. This showed a negative relation between the actual numbers of people suffering from long term conditions. Which can mean that their perceptions towards their own health might not be consistent with their actual health conditions? The biggest causes of morbidity and health conditions among 15,590 indigenous Australians above 13 years showed that the most significant contributor towards health issues was alcoholism (8180 cases), while the other contributors were drugs and substance abuse (1820), nutrition or diet (1410), cardiac problems (900) (Ausstats.abs.gov.au, 2018). Figure 3: Main health problems faced by indigenous Australians in Sydney. (Source: Ausstats.abs.gov.au, 2018) Different cultural determinants are related to the health and wellbeing of the indigenous people. These determinants include: their connection to nature, land, culture, ancestry as well as their history of being forced away from their culture, families and nature. The former have protective effects while the later has adverse effects (healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au, 2018). The other protective factors are: kinship, self determination, community governance and cultural communities (hneccphn.com.au, 2018). Figure 5: Health protecting factors of indigenous Australians. (Source: hneccphn.com.au, 2018) In consideration to the determinants of health that affects the wellbeing of the indigenous Australian population in the Sydney area, it is important that effective care strategies address these determinants in order to protect the health and wellbeing of these people. Key strategies can include: a) Improving, supporting and fostering their connection to land, culture, spirituality and ancestry; b) Ensuring cultural continuity and c) Supporting the development of kinship and community governance. References: Ausstats.abs.gov.au. (2018).National Aboriginal and Torres Islander Survey- Sydney Region.Ausstats.abs.gov.au. Retrieved 28 March 2018, from https://www.ausstats.abs.gov.au/ausstats/free.nsf/0/33C1DAB87A9CC13DCA2572250004959E/$File/41960_a Brand, E., Bond, C. and Shannon, C. (2018). Urban Indigenous Health: Opportunities and challenges in South East Queensland. [online] Poche.centre.uq.edu.au. Available at: https://poche.centre.uq.edu.au/files/1007/Opportunities%20and%20challenges%20in%20SEQ.pdf [Accessed 26 Mar. 2018]. healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au. (2018).Summary of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health Health facts Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet.Healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au. Retrieved 28 March 2018, from https://www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au/health-facts/summary Hneccphn.com.au. (2016).Aboriginal Health Profile 2016.Hneccphn.com.au. Retrieved 28 March 2018, from https://www.hneccphn.com.au/media/13659/final-version-2016-aboriginal-health-profile.pdf Profile.id.com.au. (2016).Indigenous population statistics | City of Sydney | profile.id.Profile.id.com.au. Retrieved 28 March 2018, from https://profile.id.com.au/sydney/indigenous-keystatistics

Roma

Even after centuries of identification and marginalization, there is ignorance surrounding the Roma, their origins, and their unique culture. Now distributed around the globe, but concentrated in Central Europe 1and in the countries of the former USSR2, they often maintain a strong sense of their own identity, even though they are living within many different nations.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Roma specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, they have not, in most cases, benefited from what these nations have to offer, a situation that Plainer describes as, â€Å"exclusion and limited access to resources†3,4,5,6. They are perhaps the largest ethnic group in such poverty7. Their odd circumstances of visible poverty and disconnection from services and opportunities have led them to be termed an, â€Å"European nation without its own state†8. Their plight is reminiscent of Native Americans/Fir st Nations peoples, Australian Aborigines, the Kurds, and even the mentally ill homeless, and requires as complex a response. There is strong agreement between many sources that the original source of the Roma population group, now numbering roughly 4 million strong, is India. Linguistic evidence from as early as the 18th century pinpoints their origins in Malabar, in southwest coastal Kerala, home of a Dravidian language unrelated to Indo-European roots9. More recent research points to an ancestral in-migration to India at roughly 2000 BCE. There was an out-migration from India in the 9th and 10th centuries CE in reaction to (hostile) Muslim incursions into that area. They were once again on the move in the 14th and 15th centuries as a response to Turkish expansion into the Balkans, arriving in Hungary at that point10,11. They were given help in the form of food donations and safe passage, as a result of carrying a purported letter of safe-conduct from Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund (also King of Hungary and Bohemia). This letter may have been fraudulent12, a circumstance possibly contributing to the Roma’s persistent reputation for double-dealing.Advertising Looking for assessment on ethnicity studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The names by which the Roma have been known have varied as they moved. In Greek, they were associated with heretical religious practice, and termed â€Å"atsinganos†, transmuted into the Latin â€Å"cingarus†, the German, â€Å"Ziganeru†, and the Hungarian â€Å"cigany†. The commonly known term â€Å"gypsy† was a corruption of â€Å"Egypt†, because of a mistaken impression that these people were Egyptian pilgrims13. The Roma’s appellations for themselves may be derived from their ancestors’ caste denominations back in India. They are usually called something else, usually derogatory, by their neighbours. A curren t example is the term â€Å"pikey†, which is short for â€Å"turnpike traveller†, and still causing offense in the UK14. Governments with large populations of Roma have made recent efforts to understand and address the problems of education, unemployment, discrimination15, housing and health through culture-sensitive research and programs16. For example, the role of Roma women is quite distinct. Women have extraordinary power within their community but may be discouraged from seeking outside employment by their husbands17. Such governmental efforts to support the self-determination and constructive development of the Roma should be continued and expanded to preserve their culture while encouraging them to be as full participants as possible in the prosperity around them. Bibliography BUDAPEST, MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS. â€Å"GYPSIES/ROMA IN HUNGARY.† 2012. Fact Sheet on Hungary. MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS BUDAPEST. Web. http://www.mfa.gov.hu/NR/rdonlyres/05 DF7A51-99A5-4BFE-B8A5-210344C02B1A/0/Roma_en.pdf.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Roma specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Foszto, L. and M-V Anastaoie. Between past and future; the Roma of Central and Eastern Europe. Ed. Will Guy. Hertfordshire: Unversity of Hertfordshire Press, 2001. Web. http://www.ispmn.gov.ro/uploads/4caec798-66d8-48d0-981c-0a94b9f17d37-Foszto_Capitol_in_Guy2001.pdf. Geoghegan, Tom. â€Å"How offensive is the word ‘pikey’?.† 11 June 2008. BBC. Web. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/magazine/7446274.stm. Hajioff, Steve and Martin McKee. â€Å"The health of the Roma people: a review of the published literature.† J Epidemiol Community Health 54.11 (2000): 864-869. Web. http://jech.highwire.org/content/54/11/864.full. Hughes, Dominic. â€Å"Growing marginalisation of Hungary’s Roma.† 29 August 2009. BBC Radio. web. 2012. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/ programmes/from_our_own_correspondent/8227099.stm. Kemà ©ny, Istvà ¡n and Bà ©la Janky. â€Å"HISTORY OF ROMA IN HUNGARY.† Social Science Monographs. Ed. Istvà ¡n Kemà ©ny. Boulder: Columbia University Press, 2012. Web. http://www.mtaki.hu/docs/kemeny_istvan_ed_roma_of_hungary/istvan_kemeny_history_of_roma_in_hungary.pdf. Kertesi, Gà ¡bor and Gà ¡bor Kà ©zdi. â€Å"Roma Employment in Hungary after the Post-Communist Transtion.† 2009. http://www.personal.ceu.hu/staff/Gabor_Kezdi/WorkingPapers/Kertesi-Kezdi-2009-RomaEmployment.pdf. Web. http://www.personal.ceu.hu/staff/Gabor_Kezdi/WorkingPapers/Kertesi-Kezdi-2009-RomaEmployment.pdf. Plainer, Zsuzsa. â€Å"THREE ROMA GROUPS FROM IRIS – A FRAGMENTED ETHNOGRAPHY.† STUDIA UNIVERSITATIS BABEކBOLYAI, STUDIA EUROPAEA (2009): 157-183. web. 2012. http://www.errc.org/cikk.php?cikk=1844.Advertising Looking for assessment on ethnicity studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Republic, Slovak. â€Å"Medium-term Concept of the Development of the Roma National Minority in the Slovak Republic.† 2012. http://www.romovia.vlada.gov.sk/data/att/12371_subor.pdf. Web. http://www.romovia.vlada.gov.sk/data/att/12371_subor.pdf. Ringold, Dena, Mitchell Alexander Orenstein and Erika Wilkens. Roma in an Expanding Europe: Breaking the Poverty Cycle. World Bank Publications, 2006. Web. ROMBASE. â€Å"Roma – Sub-Ethnic Groups.† 2012. ROMBASE. Web. http://romani.uni-graz.at/rombase/cgi-bin/art.cgi?src=data/ethn/topics/names.en.xml. Footnotes 1 Kemà ©ny, Istvà ¡n, and Bà ©la Janky. â€Å"HISTORY OF ROMA IN HUNGARY.† In Social Science Monographs, edited by Istvà ¡n Kemà ©ny. Boulder, Colorado: Columbia University Press, 2012. 3 Plainer, Zsuzsa. â€Å"THREE ROMA GROUPS FROM IRIS – A FRAGMENTED ETHNOGRAPHY.† STUDIA UNIVERSITATIS BABEކBOLYAI, STUDIA EUROPAEA, 4 2009: 157-183. 4BUDAPEST, MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS. â⠂¬Å"GYPSIES/ROMA IN HUNGARY.† Fact Sheet on Hungary. MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS BUDAPEST. 201. http://www.mfa.gov.hu/NR/rdonlyres/05DF7A51-99A5-4BFE-B8A5-210344C02B1A/0/Roma_en.pdf. 5Hughes, Dominic. â€Å"Growing marginalisation of Hungary’s Roma.† BBC Radio. August 29, 2009. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/from_our_own_correspondent/8227099.stm. 6 Hajioff, Steve, and Martin McKee. â€Å"The health of the Roma people: a review of the published literature.† J Epidemiol Community Health 54, no. 11 (2000): 864-869. 7 Kertesi, Gà ¡bor and Gà ¡bor Kà ©zdi. â€Å"Roma Employment in Hungary after the Post-Communist Transtion.† 2009. http://www.personal.ceu.hu/staff/Gabor_Kezdi/WorkingPapers/Kertesi-Kezdi-2009-RomaEmployment.pdf. 2012. http://www.personal.ceu.hu/staff/Gabor_Kezdi/WorkingPapers/Kertesi-Kezdi-2009-RomaEmployment.pdf. 9 ROMBASE. â€Å"Roma – Sub-Ethnic Groups.† 2012. ROMBASE. Web. http://romani.uni-graz.at/rombase/cgi -bin/art.cgi?src=data/ethn/topics/names.en.xml. 11 Kemà ©ny, Istvà ¡n, and Bà ©la Janky. â€Å"HISTORY OF ROMA IN HUNGARY.† In Social Science Monographs, edited by Istvà ¡n Kemà ©ny. Boulder, Colorado: Columbia University Press, 2012. 14 Geoghegan, Tom. â€Å"How offensive is the word ‘pikey’?.† 11 June 2008. BBC. Web. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/magazine/7446274.stm. 15 Foszto, L., and M-V Anastaoie. Between past and future; the Roma of Central and Eastern Europe. Edited by Will Guy. Hertfordshire: Unversity of Hertfordshire Press, 2001. 16 Ringold, Dena, Mitchell Alexander Orenstein and Erika Wilkens. Roma in an Expanding Europe: Breaking the Poverty Cycle. World Bank Publications, 2006. 17 Republic, Slovak. â€Å"Medium-term Concept of the Development of the Roma National Minority in the Slovak Republic.† 2012. http://www.romovia.vlada.gov.sk/data/att/12371_subor.pdf. 2012. http://www.romovia.vlada.gov.sk/data/att/12371_subor.pdf. This assessment on Roma was written and submitted by user Neil Guy to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.